Izindaba - I-Canine Multidrug Resistance: Ukuthi Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Nucleic Acid Kusiza Kanjani Ukunika amandla "Ukutholwa Kwengozi Okuqondile"

Ezinye izinja zithatha imithi ye-antiparasite ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kuyilapho ezinye zikhulaukuhlanza kanye nesifo sohudo. Ungase unikeze inja yakho isidambisi sezinhlungu ngokwesisindo sayo, kodwa ayinawo umphumela noma ishiya isilwane sakho esifuywayo sikhathele. - Lokhu kuhlobene kakhulu ne-isakhi sofuzo sokumelana nezidakamizwa (MDR1)emzimbeni wenja.

Lo “mlawuli ongabonakali” we-metabolism yezidakamizwa uphethe isihluthulelo sokuphepha kwemithi yezilwane ezifuywayo, kanyeUkuhlolwa kwe-MDR1 gene nucleic acidkuyindlela ebalulekile yokuvula le khodi.

CHA. 1

Ukhiye Wokuphepha Kwemithi: I-MDR1 Gene

Ukuze siqonde ukubaluleka kofuzo lwe-MDR1, kufanele siqale sazi “umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko” - ukusebenza njengesisebenzi sezokuthutha semetabolism yezidakamizwa. Isakhi sofuzo se-MDR1 siqondisa ukuhlanganiswa kwento ebizwa ngokuthi i-P-glycoprotein, esabalaliswa kakhulu phezu kwamaseli emathunjini, esibindini, nasezinso. Isebenza njengesiteshi sokuthutha izidakamizwa esizinikele:

Ngemva kokuba inja iphuze imithi, i-P-glycoprotein iphampa izidakamizwa ezingaphezu kwamaseli futhi izixosha ngendle noma ngomchamo, ivimbele ukunqwabelana okuyingozi ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Iphinde ivikele izitho ezibalulekile njengobuchopho nomnkantsha ngokuvimbela ukungena ngokweqile kwezidakamizwa okungadala umonakalo.

Nokho, uma isakhi sofuzo se-MDR1 sishintsha, lesi “sisebenzi sezokuthutha” siqala ukungasebenzi kahle. Ingase isebenze ngokweqile, ikhiphe izidakamizwa ngokushesha futhi ibangele ukugcwala kwegazi okwanele, kwehlise kakhulu ukusebenza kwezidakamizwa. Noma kungase kube nokukhubazeka kokusebenza, ukuhluleka ukususa izidakamizwa ngesikhathi, okubangela ukuba izidakamizwa ziqongelele futhi zibangele imiphumela emibi njengokuhlanza noma ukulimala kwesibindi nezinso.— Yingakho izinja zingasabela ngendlela ehluke kakhulu emuthini ofanayo ncamashi.

Okuphathelene nakakhuluukuthi ukungahambi kahle kwe-MDR1 kusebenza “njengamabhomu agqitshwayo” afihliwe—ngokuvamile angabonakali kuze kube yilapho imithi idala ingozi. Isibonelo, ezinye izinja zizalwa zinezakhi zofuzo ze-MDR1 ezinesici, futhi imithamo evamile yemithi elwa namagciwane (njenge-ivermectin) ingabangela i-ataxia noma i-coma lapho inikezwa isencane. Ezinye izinja ezinomsebenzi we-MDR1 osebenza ngokweqile zingase zithole ukukhululeka okungekuhle kobuhlungu obuvela kuma-opioid ngisho noma zidwetshwe ngokunembile ngesisindo. Lezi zinkinga azibangelwa "imithi emibi" noma "izinja ezingabambisani," kodwa kunalokho ithonya lezakhi zofuzo.

Ezenzweni zomtholampilo, izilwane ezifuywayo eziningi ziba nenkinga yokwehluleka kwezinso noma ukulimala kwemizwa ngemva kokuthatha imithi ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwe-MDR1 kwangaphambili - okungaholeli nje kuphela ezindlekweni zokwelashwa eziphakeme kodwa futhi nokuhlupheka okungadingekile ezilwaneni.

CHA. 2

Ukuhlolwa Kwezakhi Zofuzo Ukuvimbela Izingozi Zomuthi

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Canine MDR1 gene nucleic acid kuyisihluthulelo sokuqonda "isimo somsebenzi" salesi sithuthi kusengaphambili. Ngokungafani nokuqapha okujwayelekile kwegazi okujwayelekile - okudinga ukudonswa kwegazi okuphindaphindiwe ngemva komuthi - le ndlela ihlaziya ngokuqondile isakhi sofuzo senja se-MDR1 ukuze inqume ukuthi uguquko lukhona yini nokuthi ziyizinhlobo zini.

Umqondo ulula futhi ufana nokuhlolwa kofuzo okuyingozi kwe-hyperthermia, okuhlanganisa izinyathelo ezintathu eziyinhloko:

1. Iqoqo Lesampula:

Ngenxa yokuthi isakhi sofuzo se-MDR1 sikhona kuwo wonke amaseli, kudingeka isampula legazi elincane noma i-swab yomlomo edingekayo.

2. Ukukhishwa kwe-DNA:

Ilabhorethri isebenzisa ama-reagents akhethekile ukuze ihlukanise i-DNA yenja kusampula, isuse amaprotheni nokunye ukungcola ukuze kutholwe isifanekiso sofuzo esihlanzekile.

3. Ukukhulisa nokuhlaziya kwe-PCR:

Isebenzisa ama-probes athile adizayinelwe amasayithi abalulekile wokuguqula i-MDR1 (njengokuguqula i-canine nt230[del4]), i-PCR ikhulisa ucezu lofuzo oluqondiwe. Ithuluzi libe selithola amasignali e-fluorescent kusukela ku-probe ukuze kunqunywe isimo sokuguquka nomthelela wokusebenza.

Yonke inqubo ithatha cishe amahora angu-1-3. Imiphumela inikeza isiqondiso esiqondile kodokotela bezilwane, evumela ukukhetha kwemithi ephephile nenembe kakhudlwana kunokuthembela ekuhlolweni nasephutheni.

CHA. 3

Umehluko Ongokwemvelo, Ukuphepha Kwemithi Okuzuziwe

Abanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo bangase bazibuze: Ingabe okungavamile kwe-MDR1 kuyazalwa noma kutholwe?

Kunezici ezimbili eziyinhloko, ufuzo kuyilona oluyinhloko:

Breed-Specific Genetic Traits

Lesi yisizathu esivame kakhulu. Amazinga okushintshashintsha ayahlukahluka kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene:

Ama-Collies(kuhlanganise nezinja zezimvu zase-Shetland kanye ne-Border Collies) zinezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokuguqulwa kwe-nt230[del4] — cishe u-70% wama-Collies ahlanzekile analesi sici.
Abelusi base-AustraliafuthiIzinja zezimvu zamaNgisi amadalafuthi khombisa amanani aphezulu.
Izalanisa njengeAma-ChihuahuasfuthiAma-Poodlesbabe namazinga aphansi okuguquka uma kuqhathaniswa.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngisho noma inja ingakaze iphuze imithi, izinhlobo ezisengozini enkulu zisengathwala uguquko.

Imithelela Yemithi kanye Nezemvelo

Nakuba isakhi sofuzo se-MDR1 ngokwaso sizalwa, ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside noma kanzima kwemithi ethile kungase "kusebenze" ukubonakaliswa kofuzo okungavamile.

Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwezinyeama-antibiotics(isb, i-tetracycline) nomaama-immunosuppressantsingase ibangele ukusebenza ngokweqile okunxephezela kwe-MDR1, ilingise ukumelana nomuthi ngisho nangaphandle koguquko lwangempela.

Amakhemikhali athile emvelo (njengezithasiselo emikhiqizweni yezilwane ezifuywayo esezingeni eliphansi) angase futhi athinte ngokungaqondile ukuqina kwezakhi zofuzo.

Ufuzo lwe-MDR1 luthinta inhlobonhlobo yemithi, okuhlanganisa ama-antiparasite, amaphilisi ezinhlungu, ama-antibiotics, imithi yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali, kanye nemithi yokulwa nesithuthwane. Ngokwesibonelo:

I-Collie ephethe isici ingase ihlupheke kakhulu ngenxa ye-neurotoxicity ngisho namanani amancane e-ivermectin.

Izinja ezine-MDR1 esebenza ngokweqile zingadinga imithamo elungisiwe yemithi ye-antifungal yezifo zesikhumba ukuze zizuze ukusebenza kahle.

Yingakho odokotela bezilwane begcizelela kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwe-MDR1 ngaphambi kokunikeza izinhlobo ezisengozini enkulu.

Kubanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo, ukuhlolwa kwe-MDR1 nucleic acid kunikeza isivikelo esikabili sokuphepha kwemithi:

Ukuhlola izinhlobo ezisengozini enkulu kusenesikhathi (isb., ama-Collies) kuveza ukungqubuzana kwemithi impilo yonke futhi kuvimbela ubuthi obungengozi.

Izinja ezidinga imithi yesikhathi eside (njengobuhlungu obungapheli noma isithuthwane) zingaba nemithamo elungiswe kahle.

Ukuhlola ukuhlenga noma izinja ezixubile kususa ukungaqiniseki mayelana nezingozi zofuzo.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ezinjeni ezindala noma lezo ezinezifo ezingamahlalakhona, ezivame ukudinga imithi.

CHA. 4

Ukwazi Ngaphambili Kusho Ukuvikelwa Okungcono

Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa, nazi izincomo ezintathu zokuphepha kwemithi:

Izinhlobo ezisengozini enkulu kufanele zibeke phambili ukuhlolwa.

Ama-Collies, ama-Australian Shepherds, nezinye izinhlobo ezifanayo kufanele ziqedele ukuhlolwa kwe-MDR1 ngaphambi kwezinyanga ezi-3 ubudala futhi zigcine imiphumela efayilini kudokotela wazo wezilwane.

Hlala ubuza udokotela wakho wezilwane mayelana “nokuhambisana kofuzo” ngaphambi kokunikeza umuthi.

Lokhu kubalulekile emithini eyingozi kakhulu njengemithi elwa namagciwane kanye nama-painkillers. Ngisho noma uhlobo lwenja yakho lungeyona ingozi enkulu, umlando wokusabela okungekuhle usho ukuthi ukuhlolwa kofuzo kufanele kucatshangelwe.

Gwema ukuzelapha ngemithi eminingi.

Izidakamizwa ezahlukene zingaqhudelana namashaneli okuthutha e-P-glycoprotein. Ngisho nezakhi zofuzo ezivamile ze-MDR1 zingase zikhungatheke, okuholela ekungalinganini kwe-metabolic kanye nezingozi zobuthi ezikhulayo.

Ingozi yokuguqulwa kwe-MDR1 isekungabonakali kwayo - kufihlwe ngokulandelana kofuzo, kungabonisi zimpawu kuze kube yilapho imithi idala inkinga ngokuzumayo.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-nucleic acid ye-MDR1 kusebenza njengomtshina wamabhomu agqitshwayo, okusisiza siqonde izici ze-metabolism yezidakamizwa zenja kusenesikhathi. Ngokufunda indlela yayo namaphethini efa, ukuhlola kusenesikhathi, nokusebenzisa imithi ngokuzibophezela, singaqinisekisa ukuthi lapho izilwane ezifuywayo zidinga ukwelashwa, zithola usizo olusebenzayo kuyilapho zigwema izingozi zemithi - zivikela impilo yazo ngendlela enomthwalo wemfanelo kakhulu.

Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-20-2025