Abantu Abayishumi Abahamba Phambili Kwesayensi Yemvelo:

U-Yunlong Cao wase-Peking University uqokelwe ucwaningo olusha lwe-coronavirus

Ngomhlaka-15 Disemba 2022, i-Nature yamemezela i-Nature's 10 yayo, uhlu lwabantu abayishumi abaye baba yingxenye yemicimbi emikhulu yesayensi yonyaka, futhi izindaba zabo zinikeza umbono oyingqayizivele ngezinye zezenzakalo zesayensi ezibaluleke kakhulu zalo nyaka ongavamile.

Ngonyaka wezinhlekelele nokutholakele okujabulisayo, iNdalo ikhethe abantu abayishumi kusukela kososayensi bezinkanyezi abasisizile ukuqonda ubukhona bendawo yonke obukude kakhulu, kuya kubacwaningi abaye baba nesandla ekuguleni kweNew Crown kanye ne-monkeypox, kuya kodokotela abahlinzayo abaye baphula imingcele yokufakelwa kwezitho zomzimba, kusho uRich Monastersky, umhleli oyinhloko we-Nature Features.

UYunlong Cao uvela e-Biomedical Frontier Innovation Center (BIOPIC) ePeking University. UDkt. Cao waphothula eZhejiang University ngeziqu ze-Bachelor's in Physics futhi wathola iziqu zakhe ze-PhD eMnyangweni weKhemistri kanye ne-Chemical Biology eHarvard University ngaphansi kweXiaoliang Xie, futhi njengamanje unguMxhumanisi Wocwaningo e-Biomedical Frontier Innovation Center ePeking University. UYunlong Cao ubelokhu egxile ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bokulandelana kweseli elilodwa, futhi ucwaningo lwakhe lusize ukulandelela ukuvela kwama-coronavirus amasha nokubikezela ezinye zezinguquko eziholela ekudalweni kwezinhlobo ezintsha eziguquliwe.

Ngomhlaka-18 Meyi 2020, uXiaoliang Xie/Yunlong Cao nabanye bashicilela iphepha elikumagazini i-Cell elinesihloko esithi: “Ama-antibodies anamandla okulwa ne-SARS-CoV-2 ahlonzwe ngokulandelelana kweseli elilodwa okuphezulu kwamaseli e-B eziguli ezithola ukwelashwa” Iphepha locwaningo.

Lolu cwaningo lubika imiphumela yesikrini esisha se-antibody esinciphisa i-coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), esisebenzise ipulatifomu yokulandelelana kwe-RNA eyodwa kanye ne-VDJ ephezulu ukuze kutholakale ama-antibodies angu-14 anciphisa i-monoclonal avela kuma-antibodies angaphezu kuka-8500 e-IgG1 aboshwe yi-antigen ezigulini ezingu-60 ezitholakele ze-COVID-19.

Lolu cwaningo lubonisa okokuqala ukuthi ukulandelana kweseli elilodwa okunamandla kungasetshenziswa ngqo ekutholakaleni kwemithi futhi kunenzuzo yokuba inqubo esheshayo nephumelelayo, ethembisa ukuguqula indlela abantu abahlola ngayo ama-antibodies aqeda amagciwane athelelekayo.

Ngomhlaka-17 Juni 2022, uXiaoliang Xie/Yunlong Cao nabanye bashicilela iphepha elinesihloko esithi: ama-antibodies okuphunyuka e-BA.2.12.1, BA.4 kanye ne-BA.5 abangelwa ukutheleleka kwe-Omicron encwadini ethi Nature.

Lolu cwaningo luthole ukuthi izinhlobo ezintsha zezinhlobo ze-Omicron mutant BA.2.12.1, BA.4 kanye ne-BA.5 zibonise ukwanda kokuphunyuka kwamasosha omzimba kanye nokunciphisa okukhulu ukuphunyuka kwe-plasma ezigulini ezitholakele ezinegciwane le-Omicron BA.1.

Lokhu okutholakele kusikisela ukuthi umuthi wokugomela i-Omicron osuselwe ku-BA.1 ungase ungasafaneleki njengesikhuthazi esimweni samanje sokugoma nokuthi ama-antibodies abangelwayo ngeke ahlinzeke ngokuvikelwa kwe-spectrum ebanzi ngokumelene nohlobo olusha lwe-mutant. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzivikela komhlambi ngokutheleleka kwe-Omicron kunzima kakhulu ukukufeza ngenxa yesimo 'sokuzivikela' sama-coronavirus amasha kanye nokuvela okusheshayo kwezindawo zokuguquka kokuzivikela komzimba.

Ngomhlaka-30 Okthoba 2022, ithimba likaXiaoliang Xie/Yunlong Cao lashicilela iphepha locwaningo elinesihloko esithi: Imprinted SARS-CoV-2 humoral immunity induces convergent Omicron RBD evolution in the preprint bioRxiv.

Lolu cwaningo lusikisela ukuthi inzuzo ye-XBB kune-BQ.1 ingase ibangelwe ngokwengxenye izinguquko ezingaphandle kwesizinda sokubopha i-receptor (RBD) se-spinosin, ukuthi i-XBB nayo inezinguquko ezingxenyeni ze-genome ezifaka ikhodi yesizinda sesakhiwo se-N-terminal (NTD) se-spinosin, nokuthi i-XBB iyakwazi ukuphunyuka ama-antibodies aqeda amandla ngokumelene ne-NTD, okungase kuyivumele ukuthi ithelele abantu abangavikelekile ku-BQ.1 kanye nezinhlobo ezihlobene. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izinguquko esifundeni se-NTD zenzeka ku-BQ.1 ngesivinini esikhulu kakhulu. Lezi zinguquko zithuthukisa kakhulu ikhono lalezi zinhlobo zokuphunyuka ama-antibodies aqeda amandla akhiqizwa ngokugoma kanye nokutheleleka kwangaphambilini.

UDkt. Yunlong Cao uthe kungase kube nokuvikelwa okuthile ku-XBB uma kutheleleke nge-BQ.1, kodwa kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe ukuze kunikezwe ubufakazi balokhu.

Ngaphandle kukaYunlong Cao, abanye abantu ababili bafakwe ohlwini ngenxa yeminikelo yabo evelele ezindabeni zezempilo zomphakathi zomhlaba, uLisa McCorkell noDimie Ogoina.

ULisa McCorkell ungumcwaningi we-Long COVID futhi njengelungu elisungule i-Patient-Led Research Collaborative, usize ekukhuliseni ulwazi kanye nokuxhasa ngezimali ucwaningo ngalesi sifo.

UDimie Ogoina ungudokotela wezifo ezithelelanayo eNyuvesi yaseNiger Delta eNigeria futhi umsebenzi wakhe ngobhubhane lwe-monkeypox eNigeria unikeze ulwazi olubalulekile ekulweni nobhubhane lwe-monkeypox.

Ngomhlaka-10 Januwari 2022, i-University of Maryland School of Medicine yamemezela ukufakelwa kwenhliziyo yengulube okuyimpumelelo emhlabeni wonke okuhlelwe ngofuzo kumuntu ophilayo, lapho isiguli senhliziyo esineminyaka engu-57 ubudala uDavid Bennett ethola ukufakelwa kwenhliziyo yengulube okuhlelwe ngofuzo ukuze asindise impilo yakhe.

Nakuba le nhliziyo yengulube yandise impilo kaDavid Bennett ngezinyanga ezimbili kuphela, ibe yimpumelelo enkulu kanye nentuthuko emlandweni emkhakheni wokufakelwa kwe-xenotransplantation. UMuhammad Mohiuddin, udokotela ohlinzayo owahola ithimba elaqeda lokhu kufakelwa komuntu inhliziyo yengulube ehlelwe ngofuzo, ngokungangabazeki waqokwa ohlwini lwabantu abayi-10 abaphambili bonyaka be-Nature.

Abanye abaningana bakhethwa ngokuthuthukisa impumelelo yesayensi emangalisayo kanye nentuthuko ebalulekile yenqubomgomo, okuhlanganisa isazi sezinkanyezi uJane Rigby we-NASA's Goddard Space Center, owadlala indima ebalulekile emsebenzini we-Webb Space Telescope wokufaka itheleskopu esikhaleni nokusebenza kahle, ethatha ikhono lesintu lokuhlola indawo yonke liye ezingeni elisha neliphezulu. u-alondra Nelson, njengoMqondisi Osebenzayo Wenqubomgomo Yesayensi Nobuchwepheshe yase-US weHhovisi Lesayensi Nobuchwepheshe, wasiza ukuphathwa kukaMongameli uBiden ukuthuthukisa izinto ezibalulekile ze-ajenda yakhe yesayensi, okuhlanganisa inqubomgomo yobuqotho besayensi kanye neziqondiso ezintsha ngesayensi evulekile. UDiana Greene Foster, umcwaningi wokukhipha isisu kanye nososayensi wabantu eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia, eSan Francisco, unikeze idatha ebalulekile ngomthelela olindelekile wesinqumo seNkantolo Ephakeme yase-US sokuguqula ukuvikelwa okusemthethweni kwamalungelo okukhipha isisu.

Kukhona namagama ohlwini lwayishumi oluhamba phambili kulo nyaka ahlobene nokuthuthuka kokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nezinye izinkinga zomhlaba. Lawa ango: u-António Guterres, uNobhala-Jikelele weZizwe Ezihlangene, uSaleemul Huq, uMqondisi we-International Centre for Climate Change and Development eDhaka, eBangladesh, kanye noSvitlana Krakovska, iNhloko yethimba lase-Ukraine kwi-UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).