Amasistimu we-PCR we-Real-time: Ukuthuthukisa Ucwaningo Nokuxilongwa

Izinhlelo ze-PCR zesikhathi sangempelaUshintshe izinkambu ze-biology molecular kanye nokuxilonga ngokunikeza abacwaningi kanye nodokotela namathuluzi anamandla okuhlaziya ama-nucleic acid. Ubuchwepheshe bungabona futhi banciphise i-DNA noma i-RNA yokulandelanisa noma i-RNA ngesikhathi sangempela, okwenza kube yimpahla ebalulekile ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene zokucwaninga nokuxilonga.

Enye yezinzuzo eziphambili zezinhlelo ze-PCR zesikhathi sangempela amandla abo okuhlinzeka ngemiphumela esheshayo, enembile. Izindlela zendabuko ze-PCR zidinga ukuhlaziywa kwangemva kokukhuliswa, okungadla isikhathi futhi kukhandleke isikhathi. Ngokuphambene, amasistimu we-PCR wesikhathi sangempela anika amandla abaphenyi ukuthi baqaphe ukukhula kwe-DNA noma i-RNA, ngaleyo ndlela bathole ukulandelana kwethage ngesikhathi sangempela. Lokhu akugcini nje okwesindisa isikhathi kodwa futhi kunciphisa ubungozi bokungcola kanye nephutha lomuntu, okwenza isikhathi sangempela se-PCR an a asebenza futhi athembekile ukuhlaziya kobuchwepheshe.

Ezilungiselelweni zocwaningo, izinhlelo ze-PCR zesikhathi sangempela zisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuhlaziya izincazelo zofuzo, i-genetyping, kanye nokutholwa kwe-microbial. Amandla okunciphisa amazinga e-gene expression ngesikhathi sangempela athuthukise kakhulu ukuqonda kwethu izinqubo ezahlukahlukene zebhayoloji kanye nezindlela zezifo. Abaphenyi bangasebenzisa imiphumela yesikhathi sangempela ukuyofunda imiphumela yokwelashwa okuhlukile noma imibandela evezweni sezakhi zofuzo, ukuhlinzeka ngokuqonda okubalulekile esigulini samangqamuzana kanye nemigomo enokwenzeka yokwelapha.

Izinhlelo ze-PCR zesikhathi sangempela nazo zilusizo ezifundweni ze-genotyping ukuze zikhombe ngokushesha ngokofuzo nama-polymorphisms. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezinjenge-pharmacogenomics nomuthi owenziwe ngezifiso, lapho umehluko wezakhi zofuzo ungathonya impendulo yomuntu ngamunye ezidakamizweni nasemivundweni yokwelashwa. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe besikhathi sangempela se-PCR, abacwaningi bangasenza ngempumelelo izimpawu zofuzo ezihambisana ne-metabolism yezidakamizwa, izifo zentuthuko, kanye nemiphumela yokwelashwa.

Emkhakheni wokuxilongwa, izinhlelo ze-PCR zesikhathi sangempela zidlala indima ebalulekile ekutholweni nasekuhlolweni kwezifo ezithathelwanayo, izifo zofuzo kanye nomdlavuza. Ukuzwela okuphezulu nokucaciswa kwe-PCR yesikhathi sangempela kwenza kube yiplatifomu efanelekile yokuhlonza amagciwane afana namagciwane namagciwane kumasampula emitholampilo. Lokhu kubalulekile ikakhulukazi ekuphenyweni okuqubuka kanye nemizamo yokuqapha, lapho ukutholwa okufika ngesikhathi nokunembile kwemithombo yokutheleleka kubalulekile ekungeneleleni kwezempilo yomphakathi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasistimu we-PCR wesikhathi sangempela asetshenziswa kabanzi ekuxilongeni nasekuhlolweni kwezifo zofuzo nomdlavuza. Ngokuqondisa ukuguqulwa okuthile kofuzo noma amaphethini we-gene gene angejwayelekile, odokotela bangasebenzisa i-PCR yesikhathi sangempela ukuze basize ekutholweni kusenesikhathi, ukufunwa kwe-prognosis, nokuhlolwa kokuphendula kokwelashwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezifo zofuzo kanye nezomnotho. Thuthukisa kakhulu ukunakekelwa kweziguli ngokunika amandla ukwelashwa okwenziwe ngezifiso nokubhekiswe kususelwa ezicini zamangqamuzana ezifo ngazinye.

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-PCR besikhathi sangempela buyaqhubeka nokuvela, inqubekela phambili entsha efana ne-Multiplex PCR ne-Digital PCR ithuthukisa futhi ukucwaninga kwayo kanye nokuxilonga. I-Multiplex real-time PCR ingathola ukulandelana kwamathage amaningi ngasikhathi sinye ekusabelaneni okukodwa, ukunwebisa ubukhulu bokuhlaziywa kwamangqamuzana nokusindisa izinto zesampula ezibalulekile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iDijithali PCR, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ihlinzeka ngokulingana okuphelele kwama-acid ama-nucleic ngokusabalalisa ama-molecule ngamanye abe izinkulungwane zamakamelo okusabela, ukuhlinzeka ngozwela nokunemba okungenakuqhathaniswa.

Ngokufigqiwe,izinhlelo ze-PCR zesikhathi sangempelaUbe yithuluzi elisemqoka ekuthuthukiseni amakhono okucwaninga nokuxilonga ku-biology molefanelar kanye nemithi yezokwelapha. Amandla abo okuhlinzeka ngokuhlaziywa kwe-nucleic ye-nucleic okusheshayo, okunembile, okunembile, aguqule ukuqonda kwethu izinqubo nezimo zezifo futhi kwathuthukisa ukuxilongwa kanye nokuphathwa kwezimo zezempilo ezahlukahlukene. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokusungula, amasistimu we-PLUSTITE CRCREEnce we-PRCREnce azoqhubeka nokukhuthaza ukuthuthuka kocwaningo lwesayensi nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, ekugcineni kuhlomula iziguli nomphakathi wonke.