I-Evolution ye-Thermal Cycler: Inguquko ku-DNA Amplification

Amabhayisikili ashisayosebeyithuluzi elibalulekile kubacwaningi nososayensi emkhakheni wesayensi yamangqamuzana ezinto eziphilayo nezakhi zofuzo. Lo mshini omusha uye wayishintsha kakhulu inqubo yokukhulisa i-DNA, okwenza isheshe, isebenze kahle futhi inembe kunanini ngaphambili. Kule bhulogi, sizohlola ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhayisikili ashisayo kanye nomthelela wawo emkhakheni webhayoloji yamangqamuzana.

Umqondo wokuhamba ngebhayisikili okushisayo, okubandakanya ukushisa okuphindaphindiwe nokupholisa ingxube yokusabela, isisekelo se-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). I-PCR yindlela ekhulisa ikhophi eyodwa noma ambalwa ye-DNA elula ngama-oda amaningana wobukhulu, ikhiqize izinkulungwane kuya ezigidini zamakhophi okulandelana kwe-DNA ethile. Ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhayisikili ashisayo kubambe iqhaza elikhulu ekusetshenzisweni okubanzi nasekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe be-PCR.

Amabhayisikili asekuqaleni ashisayo ayemaningi futhi edinga ukulungiswa okwenziwa ngesandla kwezinga lokushisa nokuqapha okuvamile. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthukile, amabhayisikili ashisayo esimanje asephenduke amathuluzi ayinkimbinkimbi angakwazi ukulawula izinga lokushisa ngokunembile futhi afinyelele ezishintshayo. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kukhulise kakhulu isivinini nokusebenza kahle kokukhulisa i-DNA, okuvumela abacwaningi ukuthi benze i-PCR kalula nangokuthembekile.

Enye yezinto ezintsha ezibalulekile kubuchwepheshe bomjikelezo oshisayo kwaba ukwethulwa kwe-gradient PCR, evumela amazinga okushisa amaningi okushisa ahlolwe ngesikhathi esisodwa ocwaningweni olulodwa. Lesi sici sibonakale siwusizo kakhulu ekwandiseni izimo ze-PCR zesifanekiso esithile se-DNA, silondoloza isikhathi nezisetshenziswa zabacwaningi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanganiswa kwamakhono e-PCR esikhathi sangempela kumabhayisikili ashisayo kuye kwanweba ukusetshenziswa kwawo. I-PCR yesikhathi sangempela, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-quantitative PCR, iqapha ukukhuliswa kwe-DNA ngesikhathi sangempela, inikeze imininingwane ebalulekile enanini lokuqala lokulandelana kwe-DNA okuqondiwe. Lokhu kuye kwaguqula izindawo ezifana nokuhlaziya isisho sezakhi zofuzo, i-genotyping, nokutholwa kwe-pathogen.

I-miniaturization yamabhayisikili ashisayo isiphenduke inkambiso ebalulekile eminyakeni yamuva nje, iqhutshwa isidingo sokuphatheka nokusebenza kahle. Lawa mabhayisekili ashisayo ahlangene, aphathekayo athole izinhlelo zokusebenza ocwaningweni lwasenkambu, ekuxilongweni kwezindawo zokunakekelwa, kanye nasezilungiselelweni ezinomkhawulo wensiza lapho ingqalasizinda yelabhorethri evamile ingase intuleke khona.

Uma sibheka phambili, ikusasa leamabhayisikili ashisayouzobona emisha eyengeziwe. Ubuchwepheshe obusafufusa obufana ne-PCR yedijithali nezindlela zokukhulisa i-isothermal zephula imingcele yokukhulisa i-DNA futhi zinikeza amathuba amasha okutholwa kwe-nucleic acid ebucayi futhi esheshayo.

Kafushane, ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhayisikili ashisayo kube nomthelela omkhulu emkhakheni webhayoloji yamangqamuzana, okuqhubekisela phambili inqubekelaphambili ocwaningweni, ekuxilongeni nasekwelashweni kwe-biotechnology. Kusukela kumabhulokhi wokushisisa okwenziwa ngesandla kuya kumathuluzi anamuhla athuthukile, amabhayisikili ashisayo aguqule ukukhulisa i-DNA, okwenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa futhi kuthembeke kakhulu kunangaphambili. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka buthuthuka, indima yamabhayisikili ashisayo ekulolongeni ikusasa lebhayoloji yamangqamuzana izohlala ibalulekile.