Izilwane Zezilwane: Intuthuko kuContiwa Offenza Womkhuhlane

Izindaba 01

Ukutholwa kokuqala kwe-H4N6 subtype yegciwane lomkhuhlane we-Avian emadodeni ama-mallard (Anas PaltyRhhynchos) kwa-Israyeli

U-Avishai Lublin, Nikki Thie, Irina Shkoda, Luba Simanov, Gila Kahila Bar-Gal, Yigal Farnouthi, Roni King, Wayne M Getz, Paurine King, Waynan

I-PMID: 35687561; DI: 10.11111 / TBED.14610

Igciwane lomkhuhlane we-Avian (AIV) libeka engcupheni enkulu impilo yezilwane neyomuntu emhlabeni wonke. Njengoba i-waterfoll yasendle idlulisela i-AIV emhlabeni wonke, iphenya ngokwanda kwe-AIV ezindaweni zasendle kubalulekile ukuqonda ukudluliswa kwezifo kanye nabantu. Kulolu cwaningo, i-H4N6 subtype aiv yahlukaniswa okokuqala kusuka kumasampula e-FaeCal amadada aluhlaza okotshani (Anas PaltyRyhynchos) kwa-Israyeli. Imiphumela ye-phylogenetic ye-HA ne-NA genes iphakamisa ukuthi lo hlobo luhlobene kakhulu ne-esolates yaseYurophu neyase-Asia. Njengoba u-Israyeli etholakala emzileni ophakathi nendawo e-Arctic-sase-Afrika, kucatshangwa ukuthi i-strain kungenzeka yethulwa yizinyoni ezifudukayo. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-phylogenetic kwezakhi zangaphakathi ze-uon. Le H4N6 subtype ye-AIV inesilinganiso esiphakeme sokuphinda inethayela, ingatheleleka izingulube ezinempilo futhi ibopha ama-receptors abantu, futhi ingadala isifo se-soonotic ngokuzayo.

Izindaba 02

Sibutsetelo umkhuhlane we-Avian e-EU, Mashi-Juni 2022

I-European Food Safety Authority, Isikhungo SaseYurophu Sokuvimbela Izifo Nokulawula, I-European Union Reference Laboratory for Avian Flogeenza

PMID: 35949938; I-PMCID: PMC9356771; DI: 10.2903 / J.EFSA.2022.7415

Ngo-2021-2022, i-pathogenic Avian Flogeenza (HPAI) yayiwubhubhane olungathi sína kakhulu eYurophu, lapho kuqubuka ama-Avian angama-26 emazweni angama-36 aseYurophu okubangelwa izinyoni eziyizigidi ezingama-46 ezibangelwa. Phakathi kuka-16 Mashi no-10 Juni 2022, amazwe angama-28 / we-EUEA kanye ne-UK 1 182 izingcingo ze-pathogenic Avian umkhuhlane virus (HPAIV) zahlukaniswa nezinkukhu (amacala angama-410) nezinyoni ezingama-22). Ngesikhathi sokubuyekezwa, kwaqubuka ama-86% okudluliselwa kwenkukhu, nge-accounting yaseFrance engama-68% yokuqubuka kwezinkukhu, ama-24% namanye amazwe athintekile ngakunye. IGermany yaba nenani eliphakeme kakhulu lokuqubuka ezinyoni zasendle (amacala ayi-158), lilandelwa yiNetherlands (amacala angama-98) kanye ne-UK (amacala angama-48).

Imiphumela yokuhlaziya izakhi zofuzo iphakamisa ukuthi i-HPAIV njengamanje e-Europe ikakhulukazi ingeyakudla okubonakalayo 2.3.4 b. Kusukela ngombiko wokugcina, i-H5N6 emine, ama-H3N2 amabili kanye ne-H3N8 Ukutheleleka Kwabantu kubikwe eChina kanye nokutheleleka komuntu okukodwa kwabikwa e-USA. Ingozi yokutheleleka yahlolwa njengendawo ephansi yabantu futhi iphansi ukuze ilinganiselwe ukuthola abantu abasebenza kahle kwi-EU / EEA.

 Izindaba 03

Izinguquko ezisatshalalisweni 127, 183 no-212 ku-ha gene athinta

I-Antigenicity, ukuphindaphinda kanye ne-pathogenicity yegciwane le-H9N2 Avian Flevenze

Fan menglu,Bing liang,Yongzhen Zhao,Waping zhang,Qingzheng liu,Miao Tian,Iqing zheng,Huizhi xia,Yasuo Suzuki,I-Hualan Chen,Jihui ping

PMID: 34724348; DII: 10.1111 / TBED.14363

I-H9n2 Subtype yegciwane le-Avian Flevenze (AIV) ingenye yama-subtypes amakhulu athinta impilo yomkhakha wezinkukhu. Kulolu cwaningo, izingqinamba ezimbili ze-H9N2 subtype aiv ngesizinda sofuzo esifanayo kodwa i-antigenicity ehlukile, eqanjwe yi-A / JOANGSU / 76/2018 (JS / 76 (JS / 76), ihlukaniswe nepulazi lezinkukhu. Ukuhlaziywa kokulandelana kwakhombisa ukuthi iJS / 75 ne-JS / 76 ehlukile ezinsukwini ezintathu ze-Amino acid (127, 183 no-212) ze-haemagglutinin (ha). Ukuhlola umehluko kwizakhiwo zebhayoloji phakathi kwe-JS / 75 ne-JS / 76, amagciwane ayisithupha ahlaziya asetshenziswa kusetshenziswa indlela yofuzo ehlekisayo nge / Puerto Rico / 8/1934 (PR8) njenge-Cante Main. Idatha evela ekuhlolweni kokuhlaselwa kwenkukhu kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-HI kuboniswe ukuthi i-R-76 / PR8 ikhombisile ukubaleka kwe-Antigenic okubizwa kakhulu ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwe-amino acid ezikhundleni 127 no-183 kuhlobo lwe-HA. Ezinye izifundo ziqinisekisile ukuthi i-glycosyaltation esizeni se-127n senzeka ku-JS / 76 kanye nokuguqulwa kwayo. I-Receptor Binding Atarys yabonisa ukuthi wonke amagciwane aphindaphindwayo, ngaphandle kwe-127n glycosylation augnant mutant, eboshelwe kalula kuma-humoid receptors. I-Kinetics Yokukhula Nezikhathi Zokuhlaselwa Kwegundane zikhombisa ukuthi igciwane le-127n-glycosylated liphindaphindeke amaseli a549 futhi lalingaphansi kwamagundane kumagundane aqhathaniswa negciwane le-Wild Wild. Ngakho-ke, i-glycosylulation kanye ne-amino acid izinguquko ezifunweni ze-HA zibhekele umehluko nge-antigenicity kanye ne-pathogenicity ye-2 h9n2 izingqimba.

Umthombo: China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center